Alpha lipoic Acid (ALA) also known as thiotic acid is a naturally occurring compound made in the mitochondria of the cells, and is a cofactor that helps ATP. It also aids in the synthesis of glutathione and regenerates antioxidants thus helping Vitamin C, E and a coenzyme Q 10.

ALA is very important due to its ability to cross the blood brain barrier, thus helping neurological functions, and is involved in reducing small and large blood vessel complications in diabetes. Interestingly enough, while eating organ meats, spinach and broccoli that contain ALA, oral supplements of more then 50 mg are the best source to increase plasma levels of this important compound. It must be noted that the increased level is temporary and is not stored in the cells.

ALA helps the anterior segment of the eye by reducing cataract development and protecting the conjunctiva and cornea. In addition, when patients with open angle glaucoma ingested 150 mg of ALA 4 times per day for one month they demonstrated improved visual acuity. ALA also helped heal damage to the cornea and conjunctiva secondary to UV light radiation.

ALA also has positive effects on the retinal tissue. It reduced retinal capillary damage and thus improved the health of the retinal tissue and vision in diabetics. It also aided the functioning and survival of the cones in retinitis pigmentosa during the research. There does not appear to be a deficiency problem in humans which would indicate that we can manufacture ALA as needed. Excesses however did cause allergic dermatitis and gastrointestinal discomfort.

In summary, ALA is an important compound that helps our health and eyes, but should not be taken in excess and all drug interactions must be considered.